Benchmarking of computational fluid dynamic models for bubbly flows

Eulerian-Eulerian computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models allow the prediction of complex and large-scale industrial multiphase gas–liquid bubbly flows with a relatively limited load. However, interfacial transfer processes are entirely modelled, closure relations that often dictate accuracy entire model. Numerous sets closures have been developed, optimized over few experimental data achieving remarkable that, however, becomes difficult to replicate outside range selected data. This makes reliable comparison available model capabilities obstructs their further development. In this paper, CFD developed at University Leeds Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf benchmarked against large database in vertical pipes. The research groups adopt similar modelling strategy, aimed identifying single universal set widely applicable closures. main focus paper is momentum transfer, which essentially governs void fraction distribution flow, turbulence To on these aspects, validation experiments monodispersed bubble diameter distribution. Overall, prove be robust can applied confidence parameters tested. Areas identified where development needed, such as bubble-induced near-wall region, well best features both combined future harmonized A benchmark also established for testing other models. Similar exercises encouraged support confident application models, together definition accepted community-wide benchmarking.